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Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2001) - Turks and Caicos Islands (2001)
Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2001) z Turks and Caicos Islands (2001)
| Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2001) | Turks and Caicos Islands (2001) | |
-2001-bmala.jpg) |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% |
0-14 years:
32.58% (male 2,996; female 2,908) 15-64 years: 63.51% (male 6,050; female 5,459) 65 years and over: 3.91% (male 316; female 393) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products | corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish |
| Airports | 5 (2000 est.) | 8 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
total:
4 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total:
3 under 914 m: 3 (2000 est.) |
total:
4 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2000 est.) |
| Area | total:
12,173 sq km land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands |
total:
430 sq km land: 430 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly smaller than Connecticut | 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982. | The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands are presently a British overseas territory. |
| Birth rate | NA births/1,000 population | 24.89 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | revenues:
$66.2 million expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.) |
revenues:
$47 million expenditures: $33.6 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997-1998 est.) |
| Capital | Stanley | Cockburn Town (on Grand Turk) |
| Climate | cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate | tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry |
| Coastline | 1,288 km | 389 km |
| Constitution | 3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998 | introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988 |
| Country name | conventional long form:
none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) |
conventional long form:
none conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands |
| Currency | Falkland pound (FKP) | US dollar (USD) |
| Death rate | NA deaths/1,000 population | 4.47 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | $NA | $NA |
| Dependency status | overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina | overseas territory of the UK |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Disputes - international | claimed by Argentina | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $1.7 million (1995) | $4.1 million (1997) |
| Economy - overview | The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. To encourage tourism, the Falkland Islands Development Corporation has built three lodges for visitors attracted by the abundant wildlife and trout fishing. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. | The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US was the leading source of tourists in 1996, accounting for more than half of the 87,000 visitors; tourist arrivals had risen to 93,000 by 1998. Major sources of government revenue include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts. |
| Electricity - consumption | 11.2 million kWh (1999) | 4.6 million kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (1999) | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (1999) | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production | 12 million kWh (1999) | 5 million kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
fossil fuel:
100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m |
lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Blue Hills 49 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater |
| Ethnic groups | British | black |
| Exchange rates | Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.6764 (January 2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6106 (1997), 0.6403 (1996); note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound | the US dollar is used |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor Donald LAMONT (since NA May 1999); Chief Executive A. M. GURR (since NA); Financial Secretary D. F. HOWATT (since NA) cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch |
chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1953), represented by Governor Mervyn JONES (since 27 January 2000) head of government: Chief Minister Derek H. TAYLOR (since 31 January 1995) cabinet: Executive Council consists of three ex officio members and five appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; chief minister appointed by the governor |
| Exports | $7.6 million (1995) | $4.7 million (1993) |
| Exports - commodities | wool, hides, meat | lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells |
| Exports - partners | UK, Japan, Chile, NZ | US, UK |
| Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | calendar year |
| Flag description | blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms in a white disk centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising is the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT | blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $52 million (FY95/96 est.) | purchasing power parity - $128 million (1999 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
NA% industry: NA% services: NA% |
agriculture:
NA% industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $19,000 (FY95/96 est.) | purchasing power parity - $7,300 (1999 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 1% (FY95/96 est.) | 8.7% (1999 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 51 45 S, 59 00 W | 21 45 N, 71 35 W |
| Geography - note | deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season | 30 islands (eight inhabited) |
| Highways | total:
440 km paved: 50 km unpaved: 390 km |
total:
121 km paved: 24 km unpaved: 97 km (2000) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Illicit drugs | - | transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe |
| Imports | $24.7 million (1995) | $46.6 million (1993) |
| Imports - commodities | fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing | food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials |
| Imports - partners | UK, Japan, Chile, NZ | US, UK |
| Independence | none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) | none (overseas territory of the UK) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Industries | wool and fish processing; sale of stamps and coins | tourism, offshore financial services |
| Infant mortality rate | NA deaths/1,000 live births | 18.06 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 3.6% (1998) | 4% (1995) |
| International organization participation | ICFTU | Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau) |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 2 (2000) | 14 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions) | Supreme Court |
| Labor force | 1,100 (est.) | 4,848 (1990 est.) |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing) | about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services (1997 est.) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 99% forests and woodland: 0% other: 1% (1993 est.) |
arable land:
2% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 98% (1993 est.) |
| Languages | English | English (official) |
| Legal system | English common law | based on laws of England and Wales, with a small number adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - 2 ex officio, 8 elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms) presided over by the governor
elections: last held 9 October 1997 (next to be held NA October 2001) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 8 |
unicameral Legislative Council (19 seats, of which 13 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 4 March 1999 (next to be held by NA 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - PDM 52.2%, PNP 40.9%, independent 6.9%; seats by party - PDM 9, PNP 4 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
NA years male: NA years female: NA years |
total population:
73.52 years male: 71.37 years female: 75.77 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | - | definition:
age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 98% male: 99% female: 98% (1970 est.) |
| Location | Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina | Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas |
| Map references | South America | Central America and the Caribbean |
| Maritime claims | continental shelf:
200 NM exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | none (2000 est.) | none (2000 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of the UK | defense is the responsibility of the UK |
| Military branches | British Forces Falkland Islands (includes Army, Royal Air Force, Royal Navy, and Royal Marines), Police Force | - |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $NA | - |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | NA% | - |
| National holiday | Liberation Day, 14 June (1982) | Constitution Day, 30 August (1976) |
| Nationality | noun:
Falkland Islander(s) adjective: Falkland Island |
noun:
none adjective: none |
| Natural hazards | strong winds persist throughout the year | frequent hurricanes |
| Natural resources | fish, wildlife | spiny lobster, conch |
| Net migration rate | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population | 13.69 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | none; all independents | People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Washington MISICK]; United Democratic Party or UDP [Wendal SWANN] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | NA |
| Population | 2,895 (July 2001 est.) | 18,122 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 2.43% (2001 est.) | 3.41% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Stanley | Grand Turk, Providenciales |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 3 (one inactive), FM 6, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 1,000 (1997) | 8,000 (1997) |
| Railways | 0 km | 0 km |
| Religions | primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist | Baptist 41.2%, Methodist 18.9%, Anglican 18.3%, Seventh-Day Adventist 1.7%, other 19.9% (1980) |
| Sex ratio | - | at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
NA domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries |
general assessment:
fair cable and radiotelephone services domestic: NA international: 2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | NA | 3,000 (1994) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | NA | 0 (1994) |
| Television broadcast stations | 2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service) (1997) | 0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; cable television is established) (1997) |
| Terrain | rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains | low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps |
| Total fertility rate | NA children born/woman | 3.22 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | full employment; labor shortage | 10% (1997 est.) |
| Waterways | none | none |
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